EGRP-Supported Epidemiology Consortia
The Epidemiology
and Genetics Research Program (EGRP) is supporting about 30 consortia
that are conducting research on a wide variety of types of cancer.
These consortia include cohort, case-control, and familial studies.
Many of the consortia have grants through EGRP, while other consortia
receive other forms of support such as in identifying potential partners
with similar research interests and groups with which to link, and advice
on policies and processes that have proven useful and successful with other
consortia. See EGRP assistance available to consortia.
Below is summary information about the consortia, including the NCI Program Director(s) responsible for supporting each consortia. The EGRP Scientific Consortia Coordinator
is Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.; e-mail: seminard@mail.nih.gov.
- Bladder Cancer
- Brain Cancer
- Breast Cancer
- Breast and Ovarian Cancer
- Childhood Cancers
- Colorectal Cancer
- Endometrial Cancer
- Esophageal Cancer
- Head and Neck Cancer
- Leukemia
- Lung Cancer
|
- Lymphoma
- Melanoma
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Prostate Cancer
Multiple Types of Cancer
Registries/Research Resources
- Cancer Family Registries
- Breast Cancer Family Registry (B-CFR) and
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H., seminard@mail.nih.gov;
Scott Rogers, M.P.H. (for Informatics), rogerssc@mail.nih.gov
- Colon
Cancer Family Registry (C-CFR)
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H., seminard@mail.nih.gov;
Sheri Dixon Schully, Ph.D. (for Biospecimens), schullys@mail.nih.gov
Scott Rogers, M.P.H. (for Informatics), rogerssc@mail.nih.gov
|
Types of Cancer Studied
Bladder Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Urinary Bladder Cancer Consortium |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Montserrat Garcia-Closas, M.D., Dr.P.H. garciacm@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-supported investigators teamed with investigators
from NCI’s Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG). |
|
Case-control |
2005 |
Brain Cancer (see also Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium)
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Brain Tumor Epidemiology
Consortium (BTEC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Peter Inskip, Sc.D. inskippe@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
Melissa Bondy, Ph.D.
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
mbondy@mdanderson.org
Elizabeth Claus, M.D., Ph.D.
Yale University
elizabeth.claus@yale.edu |
|
|
2003 |
Melissa Bondy, Ph.D.
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center |
Molecular Epidemiology of Gliomas R01CA070917 |
Case-control |
1996 |
Melissa Bondy, Ph.D.
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center |
Meningioma:
Risk Factors and Quality of Life
R01CA109473 |
Case-control |
2006 |
Peter Black, M.D., Ph.D.
Brigham and Women's Hospital
pblack@partners.org |
Meningioma:
Risk Factors and Quality of Life
R01CA109461 |
Case-control |
2006 |
Elizabeth Claus, M.D., Ph.D.
Yale University |
Meningioma:
Risk Factors and Quality of Life
R01CA109468 |
Case-control |
2006 |
Joellen Schildkraut, Ph.D.
Duke University
schild001@mc.duke.edu |
Meningioma:
Risk Factors and Quality of Life
R01CA109475 |
Case-control |
2006 |
Joseph Wiemels, Ph.D.
University of California at San Francisco
joe.wiemels@ucsf.edu |
Meningioma:
Risk Factors and Quality of Life
R01CA109745 |
Case-control |
2006 |
Breast Cancer (see also Breast Cancer Family Registry and BPC3 Cohort
Consortium)
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| African-American Breast Cancer Consortium (ABC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Elizabeth Gillanders, Ph.D.,
lgilland@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
Chris Haiman, Ph.D.
Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center,
University of Southern California
haiman@usc.edu
Funmi Olopade, M.D.
The University of Chicago
folopade@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu |
|
|
2008 |
| Breast Cancer Consortium for Outcomes and Survival (BC2OS) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
OCS/NCI:
Julia Rowland, Ph.D.,
rowlandj@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contact:
Christine Ambrosone, Ph.D.
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Christine.Ambrosone@RoswellPark.org |
|
|
|
| Women,
Cancer and Radiation Exposure (WECARE) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contact:
Jonine Bernstein, Ph.D.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
bernstej@mskcc.org |
|
|
|
Jonine Bernstein, Ph.D.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center |
Breast Cancer, Radiation Exposure, and the ATM Gene (WECARE)
U01CA083178 |
Cohort |
2002 |
Jonine Bernstein, Ph.D.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center |
Interaction of Radiation, BRCA1/2, and Breast Cancer R01CA097397 |
Population-based |
2002 |
Jonine Bernstein, Ph.D.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center |
Breast Cancer, Radiation and the ATM-CHEK2 Pathway
R01CA114236 |
Case-control |
2002 |
Patrick Concannon, Ph.D.
University of Virginia
pjc6n@virginia.edu |
ATM Mutations in Breast Cancer–-A Functional Approach
R01CA112450 |
|
2002 |
Breast and Ovarian Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
Prevention
and Observation of Surgical Endpoints and Modifiers of Cancer Risk
in BRCA 1/2 Mutation Carriers (PROSE-Modifiers Studies) (Collaborative
Studies of BRCA 1/2 Mutation Carriers)
|
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.,
seminard@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contact:
Timothy Rebbeck, Ph.D.
University of Pennsylvania
trebbeck@cceb.med.upenn.edu |
Modifiers of Cancer Risk in BRCA ½ Mutation Carriers R01CA102776 |
Cohort study, Nested case-control, Cases only |
2004 |
Timothy Rebbeck, Ph.D.
University of Pennsylvania |
Prophylactic Surgery in Carriers of BRCA ½ Mutations |
Cohort study, Nested case-control, Cases only |
2000 |
Susan Neuhausen, Ph.D.
University of California at Irvine
sneuhaus@uci.edu |
Genetic Epidemiology of Breast Cancer – BRCA1 and BRCA R01Ca074415 |
Cohort study, Nested case-control, Cases only |
1998 |
Childhood Cancers
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| International Childhood
Cancer Cohort Consortium (I4C) |
EGRP/NCI:
Carol Kasten, M.D.
kastenca@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Martha Linet, M.D., M.P.H. linetm@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-funded investigators teamed with DCEG investigators.
One contact:
Terry Dwyer, A.O., M.D., M.P.H.
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne
T.Dwyer@mcri.edu.au |
|
Using data from many studies of different types conducted worldwide |
2005 |
| Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
Mukesh Verma, Ph.D.
vermam@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Peter Inskip, Sc.D.
inskippe@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-funded investigators teamed with DCEG investigators.
One contact:
Patricia Buffler, Ph.D, M.P.H.,
University of California, Berkeley
pab@berkeley.edu |
|
Case-control |
1999 |
Endometrial Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2) |
EGRP/NCI:
Leah Sansbury, Ph.D., M.S.P.H.
sansburl@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Jim Lacey, Ph.D., laceyj@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-funded investigators. One contact:
Sara Olson, Ph.D.
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
olsons@MSKCC.org |
|
Cohort, Case-control |
|
Esophageal Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Barrett’s Esophagus Consortium
(BEACON) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Wong-Ho Chow, Ph.D.
choww@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-supported investigators teamed with DCEG investigators. One contact:
Thomas Vaughn, Ph.D., M.H.S.A.
thomas-vaughn@uiowa.edu |
|
Case-control |
|
Head and Neck Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| International Head and
Neck Cancer Consortium (INHANCE) |
EGRP/NCI:
Deborah (Debbie) Winn, Ph.D.
winnde@mail.nih.gov
|
Lead contacts:
Mia Hashibe, M.P.H., Ph.D.
International Agency for Research on Cancer
hashibe@iarc.fr
Paolo Boffetta, M.D., M.P.H.
International Agency for Research on Cancer
boffetta@iarc.fr |
International Head and Neck Cancer Consortium
R03CA113157 |
Case-control |
2004 |
Lung Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Genetic Epidemiology of Lung
Cancer (GELCC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
NHGRI:
Joan Bailey-Wilson, Ph.D.
jebw@nhgri.nih.gov |
Marshall Anderson, Ph.D.
University of Cincinnati
Marshall.Anderson@uc.edu |
Genetic Epidemiology of Lung Cancer
2U01CA076293 |
Familial |
1999 |
International
Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO)
|
EGRP/NCI:
Deborah (Debbie) Winn, Ph.D.,
winnde@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Qing Lan, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H.,
qingl@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-funded investigators teamed with DCEG investigators.
One contact:
Paul Brennan, Ph.D., M.S.
International Agency for Research on Cancer
brennan@iarc.fra
|
International Lung Cancer Consortium: Pooled Analysis on DNA
Repair Pathway
5R03CA119704 |
Case-control |
2005 |
Lymphoma
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| International
Consortium on Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies (InterLymph) |
EGRP/NCI:
Rao Divi, Ph.D.,
divir@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Martha Linet, M.D., M.P.H.
linetm@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
Wendy Cozen, D.O., M.P.H.,
Chair
University of Southern California
wcozen@usc.edu
For: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Working Group
Christine Skibola, Ph.D.
School of Public Health
University of California, Berkeley
risfs@berkeley.edu
For: Host and Genetics Working Group
Silvia de Sanjosé, M.D., PhD.
Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme
Institut Català d' Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
s.sanjose@iconcologia.net
For: Immunity and Infection Working Group
Anne Kricker, Ph.D.
Cancer Genes, Environment and Behaviour Program
The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
annek@health.usyd.edu.au
For: Lifestyle and Environmental Working Group
|
|
Case-control |
2001 |
| International Multiple Myeloma Consortium (IMMC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Rao Divi, Ph.D.,
divir@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Dalsu Baris, M.D., Ph.D. barisd@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
Graham Colditz, M.D., Dr.P.H.
Washington University School of Medicine
colditzg@wustl.edu
Brenda Birmann, Sc.D.
Harvard School of Public Health
Brenda.birmann@channing.harvard.edu |
5R01CA127435 |
Cohort |
2007 |
Melanoma
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Genes, Environment and Melanoma (GEM) |
EGRP/NCI:
Damali Martin, Ph.D., M.P.H.,
martinda@mail.nih.gov |
Marianne Berwick, Ph.D., M.P.H.
University of New Mexico
MBerwick@salud.unm.edu |
Model for Genetic Susceptibility: Melanoma
U01CA083180 |
Cohort |
1999 |
Marianne Berwick, Ph.D., M.P.H.
University of New Mexico |
Solar Exposure and Melanoma Survival R01CA112524 |
Cohort |
2005 |
| International Melanoma
Consortium (GenoMEL) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
Elizabeth (Liz) Gillanders, Ph.D.
lgilland@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Alisa Goldstein, Ph.D. goldstea@mail.nih.gov
Peggy Tucker, M.D.
tuckerp@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
David Elder, M.B., Ch.B.
University of Pennsylvania
david-elder@pathla.upenn.edu
Julia Newton-Bishop, M.D.
St James's University Hospital, England
julia.newton-bishop@cancer.org.uk |
|
Case-control, Familial |
2001 |
David Elder, M.B., Ch.B.
University of Pennsylvania |
Genetic Epidemiology of Melanoma
R01CA083115 |
|
2001 |
Nicholas Hayward, Ph.D.
Queensland Institute of Medical Research
nickH@qimr.edu.au |
Pathways from Genotype and Environment to Melanoma
R01CA088363 |
|
2000 |
Ovarian Cancer
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Pacific Ovarian Cancer Research Consortium (POCRC) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov |
Includes various EGRP-funded investigators teamed with DCEG investigators.
One contact:
Joellen Schildkraut, Ph.D.
Duke University
Schild001@mc.duke.edu |
|
Case-control |
|
Multiple Types of Cancers Studied
Cohort Consortium
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Breast and
Prostate Cancer and Hormone-Related Gene Variants Cohort Consortium (BPC3) |
EGRP/NCI:
Mukesh Verma, Ph.D.
vermam@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Robert (Bob) Hoover, M.D., Sc.D. hooverr@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contact:
David Hunter, Sc.D.
Channing Laboratory, Harvard University
david.hunter@channing.harvard.edu |
Breast and Prostate Cancer and Hormone-Related Gene Variants
(Harvard Cohorts) U01CA098233 |
Cohort |
2003 |
Brian Henderson, M.D.
University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center |
Breast and Prostate Cancer and Hormone-Related Gene Variants (Multiethnic
Cohort Study)
U01CA098758 |
Cohort |
2003 |
Elio Riboli, M.D., Sc.M., M.P.H.
Imperial College, London |
Breast and Prostate Cancer and Hormone-Related Gene Variants (European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study)
U01CA098216 |
Cohort |
2003 |
Michael Thun, M.D., M.S.
American Cancer Society |
Breast and Prostate Cancer and Hormone-Related Gene Variants (American
Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-II (ACS CPS-II))
U01CA098710 |
Cohort |
2003 |
| NCI Cohorts: |
Demetrius Albanes, M.D.
DCEG |
Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study |
Cohort |
|
Christine Berg, M.D.
bergc@mail.nih.gov |
Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial |
Cohort |
|
| Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (Whole Genome Scan for Pancreatic Cancer Risk (PanScan)) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
Mukesh Verma, Ph.D. vermam@mail.nih.gov
DCEG/NCI:
Patricia (Tricia) Hartge, Sc.D.
hartgep@mail.nih.gov |
Charles Fuchs, M.D., M.P.H.
Harvard University
charles_fuchs@dfci.harvard.edu ,
for:
Health Professional’s Follow-up Study
Nurses’ Health Study
Physicians’ Health Study
Women’s Health Study |
Funded through supplements to various EGRP-funded grants. |
|
2006 |
Eric Jacobs, Ph.D.
American Cancer Society, for:
ACS Cancer Prevention Study-II |
Cohort |
|
Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands,
for:
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study |
Cohort |
|
Kathy Helzlsouer, M.D., M.H.S.
Mercy Medical Center and Johns Hopkins University, for:
Clue II (Give Us a Clue to Cancer) |
Cohort |
|
Alan Arslan, M.D.
New York University Medical Center, for:
NYU Women's Health Study |
Cohort |
|
Wei Zheng, M.D., Ph.D.
Vanderbilt University Center for Health Services Research, for:
Shanghai Health Study |
Cohort |
|
Andrea LaCroix, Ph.D.
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, for:
Women’s Health Initiative |
Cohort |
|
| DCEG Cohorts: |
Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, Ph.D.,
NCI/DCEG |
Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study Cohort |
Cohort |
|
RMyron Gross, Ph.D.
University of Minnesota |
Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial
Cohort |
Cohort |
|
Registries/Research Resources
Cancer Family Registries
| Title of Initiative |
NIH Contacts |
Lead Contacts/Principal Investigators |
EGRP-Funded Grant (if appropriate) |
Consortia Type |
Year EGRP Facilitation and/or Funding Began |
| Breast Cancer Family Registry (B-CFR) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
Scott Rogers, M.P.H. (for Informatics)
rogerssc@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
David Goldgar, Ph.D.
University of Utah
dgoldgar@dfpm.utah.edu
Melissa Southey, Ph.D.
The University of Melbourne
msouthey@unimelb.edu.au |
|
|
1995 |
Irene Andrulis, Ph.D.
Cancer Care Ontario |
Ontario Cancer Genetics Network (Cancer Care Ontario) U01CA069467 |
Familial, Case-control |
1995 |
Saundra Buys, M.D.
University of Utah Health Sciences Center |
Utah Cooperative Breast Cancer Registry at Huntsman Cancer Institute
U01CA069446 |
Mary Daly, M.D., Ph.D.
Fox Chase Cancer Center |
Family Risk Assessment Program at Fox Chase Cancer Center U01CA069631 |
John Hopper, Ph.D.
University of Melbourne |
Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry U01CA069638 |
Esther John, Ph.D., M.S.P.H.
Northern California Cancer Center |
Northern California Cooperative Family Registry for Breast Cancer
2U01CA069417 |
Mary Beth Terry , Ph.D.
Columbia University |
Metropolitan New York Registry U01CA069398 |
| Colon Cancer
Family Registry (C-CFR) |
EGRP/NCI:
Daniela Seminara, Ph.D., M.P.H.
seminard@mail.nih.gov
Sheri Dixon Schully, Ph.D. (for Biospecimens)
schullys@mail.nih.gov
Scott Rogers, M.P.H. (for Informatics)
rogerssc@mail.nih.gov |
Lead Contacts:
Steve Gallinger, F.R.C.S.C., M.D.
Ontario Cancer Institute
sgallinger@mtsinai.on.ca
Mark Jenkins, Ph.D.
The University of Melbourne
m.jenkins@unimelb.edu.au |
|
|
1997 |
Robert Haile, Dr.P.H.
USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center |
USC Consortium: Colorectal Cancer Family Registry
U01CA074799 (Haile) |
Familial, Case-control |
1997 |
Noralane (Laney) Lindor, M.D.
Mayo Clinic |
Familial Colorectal Neoplasia Collaborative Group
USC Consortium
U01CA074800 |
Steve Gallinger, M.D.
Mount Sinai Hospital
Cancer Care Ontario |
Ontario Familial Colorectal Cancer Registry U01CA074783 |
John Hopper, Ph.D.
University of Melbourne |
Australasian Colorectal Cancer Family Study
5U01CA097735 |
Loic LeMarchand, M.D., Ph.D.
University of Hawaii at Manoa |
Hawaii Family Registry of Colon Cancer U01CA074806 |
John Potter, M.D., Ph.D.
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center |
Seattle Familial Colorectal Cancer Registry 5U01CA074794 |

| Key to Acronyms Used
in Table |
| EGRP |
Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program |
| CDC |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| DCB |
Division of Cancer Biology |
| DCEG |
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics |
| NCI |
National Cancer Institute |
| NHGRI |
National Human Genome Research Institute |
| NIEHS |
National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences |
| NIH |
National Institutes of Health |
| OCS |
Office of Cancer Survivorship |
|
|